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Poor nutrition
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Weakened immune system
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Genetic syndromes
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Betel nut or gutka use (common in some cultures)
What to Do If You Notice Something
Step 1: Don’t Panic, Do Observe
Most mouth sores and patches are harmless. But if any of these signs last more than two weeks, it’s time to act.
Step 2: See a Professional
Start with your dentist or primary care provider. They can examine the area and decide if a biopsy is needed.
Step 3: Be Specific
Tell them:
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What you noticed
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When it started
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Whether it’s changed
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Any other symptoms
Step 4: Follow Through
If they recommend a biopsy, do it. A biopsy is the only way to know for sure.
How Oral Cancer Is Diagnosed
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Visual exam – Your doctor or dentist looks at the area
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Brush biopsy – Cells are gently scraped and examined
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Incisional biopsy – A small piece of tissue is removed for testing
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Imaging – X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to see if cancer has spread
How to Protect Yourself
1. Do Monthly Self-Exams
Once a month, in good light:
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Look at your lips, gums, cheeks, tongue, roof and floor of your mouth
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Feel for lumps or thickening
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Note any sores that aren’t healing